Argentina Frontière

Aperçu économique et sectoriel

Argentina is the second-largest economy in South America, with key industries including agriculture (soybeans, corn, wheat, beef), energy (oil and gas, notably the Vaca Muerta shale formation), financial services, manufacturing, and technology. The country has significant natural resource wealth and a well-educated workforce, but has historically been challenged by high inflation, currency volatility, and recurring sovereign debt crises. Under President Javier Milei, elected in late 2023, Argentina launched sweeping fiscal austerity and deregulation reforms that sharply reduced the fiscal deficit and brought inflation down from a peak annual rate above 200% in 2024 to the 30–35% range by mid-2026. The Buenos Aires stock exchange (ByMA) hosts 73–78 listed domestic companies, with the S&P Merval index as the benchmark. Agriculture, hydrocarbons, banking, and telecoms remain the dominant listed sectors.

Secteurs clés

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Macro

PIB nominal, USD	$638.00B
Croissance du PIB réel, annuel	4.4%
Inflation annuel	33.5%
Population habitants	46.0M
PIB par habitant USD	$13,422
Capitalisation boursière total coté, USD	$55.00B
Capitalisation boursière / PIB	8.6%
Chômage	6.3%
Sociétés cotées	78
Bourse	Bolsas y Mercados Argentinos (BYMA)

Année des données: 2025. Sources: World Bank (GDP 2024), IMF World Economic Outlook April 2026, INDEC (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos), FocusEconomics, Trading Economics, Macrotrends, BBVA Argentina 20-F SEC Filing 2024, S&P Dow Jones Indices (S&P Merval), Wikipedia – Economy of Argentina, SimplyWall.St MERVAL Market Cap Data, StockAnalysis ARGT Holdings, ETFdb.com Argentina ETF List.

Bourse locale & accès

Bourse	Bolsas y Mercados Argentinos
Code	BYMA
Site web	www.byma.com.ar
Devise	ARS

Accès aux courtiers locaux

Foreign investors can access Argentine equities via US-listed ADRs traded on NYSE/NASDAQ, or through the ARGT ETF. Direct trading on ByMA requires an account with a locally licensed Agente de Liquidación y Compensación (ALyC) broker such as IOL Invertironline, Balanz, Bull Market Brokers, or Grupo Cohen. Some US brokers (Interactive Brokers, for example) may provide access to Argentine ADRs. Capital controls (cepo cambiario) historically restricted cross-border flows; investors should verify current CNV and BCRA regulations as restrictions have been progressively lifted under the Milei administration. Settlement on ByMA is T+2.

Courtiers internationaux avec accès aux marchés étrangers

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Indiqué à titre indicatif uniquement — pas une recommandation. Les marchés disponibles, les frais et les règles d'ouverture de compte varient selon le courtier et votre pays de résidence.

Relocalisation & résidence

Accès pour les investisseurs étrangers

Argentina allows foreign nationals to establish residency under the 'rentista' (passive income), 'pensionado' (retiree), or 'inversionista' (business investor) visa categories under Immigration Law 25.871. There is no official minimum investment threshold published for the inversionista category. Buenos Aires is a major regional hub with a large expat community, relatively low cost of living in USD terms, and no wealth tax on foreign-source income for the first five years of tax residency (under the 'new resident' rule). Consult current Argentine immigration counsel as rules are subject to change.