Mexico

Economy & industry overview

Mexico is the second-largest economy in Latin America and ranks among the top fifteen economies globally by nominal GDP, with output driven by manufacturing, services, petroleum, and remittances. The country is deeply integrated with the United States and Canada through the USMCA trade agreement, and exports include automobiles, auto parts, electronics, and petroleum products. Key domestic industries include financial services, telecommunications, cement, food and beverages, mining, and retail. Mexico has attracted significant nearshoring investment in recent years as companies seek to diversify supply chains closer to the US market. The economy grew at 1.4 percent in 2024, supported by resilient domestic consumption and strong export performance, though investment uncertainty and fiscal pressures present ongoing challenges.

Key sectors

Learn everything about Mexico →

Macro

GDP nominal, USD	$1.83T
GDP growth real, annual	1.4%
Inflation annual	4.7%
Population people	132.0M
GDP per capita USD	$13,839
Market cap total listed, USD	$459.71B
Market cap / GDP	25.1%
Unemployment	2.7%
Listed companies	131
Exchange	Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange) (BMV)

Primary data year: 2024. Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook 2024, World Bank Open Data 2024, Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV) official data, Sustainable Stock Exchanges Initiative (SSE) BMV profile, Statista Mexico GDP and Inflation data, MSCI Mexico Index factsheet, TradingEconomics Mexico unemployment data, FocusEconomics Mexico economic indicators, Wikipedia: Economy of Mexico, Baker McKenzie Cross-Border Listings Guide: Mexico. Individual figures may cover different reference periods — for example a fiscal year, or an estimate for the current year — and the overview above states these where known.

Local exchange & access

Exchange	Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (Mexican Stock Exchange)
Code	BMV
Website	www.bmv.com.mx
Currency	MXN

Local broker access

Direct access to the BMV requires an account with a Mexican broker licensed by the CNBV (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores) or with a global broker that offers Mexican market access. Foreign investors can also gain exposure through US-listed ETFs such as EWW or through ADRs of major Mexican companies listed on the NYSE or Nasdaq. Capital gains and dividend income derived from Mexican securities may be subject to withholding tax for non-residents; applicable rates depend on the investor's country of residence and any applicable tax treaty with Mexico.

Global brokers with foreign-market access

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Listed for convenience only. Not a recommendation. Available markets, fees and onboarding rules differ by broker and by your country of residence.

Relocation & residency

Foreign-investor access

Foreign nationals can apply for temporary resident status in Mexico by demonstrating sufficient income or savings under standard INM criteria; thresholds are set in multiples of the daily minimum wage and are reviewed periodically. Permanent residency can follow after four years of temporary residency. Mexico does not impose personal income tax on foreign-source income for individuals who qualify as non-residents for tax purposes, but those who become tax residents are subject to Mexican personal income tax on worldwide income.