Mexico

Tổng quan kinh tế & ngành

Mexico is the second-largest economy in Latin America and the 13th-largest globally by nominal GDP, classified as an upper-middle-income, newly industrialized country. Its economy is driven by manufacturing (particularly automotive and electronics), petroleum extraction, financial services, consumer goods, telecommunications, and tourism. The United States is by far Mexico's dominant trade partner, absorbing over 80% of its exports, and the USMCA (successor to NAFTA) forms the legal backbone of this trade relationship. Mexico is a significant nearshoring destination as global supply chains diversify, and it is a member of the G20, OECD, CPTPP, and USMCA trade blocs. The Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV) is the country's primary stock exchange, operating as the second-largest in Latin America by market capitalisation.

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Vĩ mô

GDP danh nghĩa, USD	$1.85T
Tăng trưởng GDP thực, hàng năm	1.5%
Lạm phát hàng năm	4.7%
Dân số người	131.9M
GDP bình quân đầu người USD	$13,741
Vốn hóa thị trường tổng niêm yết, USD	$530.00B
Vốn hóa thị trường / GDP	28.6%
Thất nghiệp	2.7%
Công ty niêm yết	144
Sàn giao dịch	Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV)

Năm dữ liệu: 2024. Nguồn: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2025), INEGI – Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV), World Bank World Development Indicators, OECD Employment Outlook 2024, Banxico (Banco de México), Focus Economics, Wikipedia – Economy of Mexico, INM – Instituto Nacional de Migración.

Sàn giao dịch địa phương & tiếp cận

Sàn giao dịch	Bolsa Mexicana de Valores
Mã	BMV
Trang web	www.bmv.com.mx
Tiền tệ	MXN

Tiếp cận qua môi giới địa phương

US-based retail investors can access Mexican equities primarily through US-listed ETFs (e.g., EWW, FLMX) or through ADRs/NYSE-listed shares of major Mexican companies (e.g., AMX, FEMSA, Grupo Televisa). Direct access to the BMV is available through Mexican brokers such as GBM (Grupo Bursátil Mexicano), Actinver, Banamex Casa de Bolsa, and BBVA México Casa de Bolsa. Some international brokers (Interactive Brokers, Schwab International) also offer direct BMV access. Foreign investors are subject to Mexican withholding tax on dividends (generally 10%) and capital gains (flat 10% for residents; non-residents may face different treatment). The Mexican peso (MXN) introduces currency risk relative to USD positions.

Môi giới toàn cầu có tiếp cận thị trường nước ngoài

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

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Di cư & cư trú

Tiếp cận của nhà đầu tư nước ngoài

Mexico allows foreign nationals to obtain Temporary Resident status based on demonstrated economic solvency (income or asset thresholds set by the National Immigration Institute, INM). No minimum real-estate investment is mandated. Permanent residency is available after four years of temporary residency, or immediately for certain categories (e.g., retirees with qualifying pension income, spouses of Mexican nationals). Mexico is a popular destination for US and Canadian retirees and digital nomads. Healthcare, housing costs, and cost of living are generally lower than in North America or Western Europe. Double-taxation treaties exist with numerous countries.