अर्थव्यवस्था और उद्योग अवलोकन
Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world and Central Asia's dominant economy, driven primarily by oil, natural gas, and mineral exports. The hydrocarbons sector (centred on the giant Tengiz, Kashagan, and Karachaganak fields) accounts for the majority of export revenues and a significant share of GDP. Mining of uranium (Kazakhstan is the world's largest producer), copper, zinc, chromite, and gold also forms a major pillar of the economy. The government has pursued diversification through initiatives such as the 'Economy of Simple Things' programme and development of the Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC). Nominal GDP reached approximately $291 billion in 2024, and the economy grew around 5% in real terms that year, supported by robust domestic demand and rising commodity output.
प्रमुख क्षेत्र
Kazakhstan के बारे में सब कुछ जानें →व्यापक आर्थिक
| GDP नॉमिनल, USD | $291.48B |
| GDP वृद्धि वास्तविक, वार्षिक | 5.0% |
| मुद्रास्फीति वार्षिक | 8.6% |
| जनसंख्या लोग | 20.1M |
| प्रति व्यक्ति GDP USD | $14,005 |
| बाज़ार पूंजीकरण कुल सूचीबद्ध, USD | $38.00B |
| बाज़ार पूंजीकरण / GDP | 13.0% |
| बेरोज़गारी | 4.6% |
| सूचीबद्ध कंपनियां | 130 |
| एक्सचेंज | Kazakhstan Stock Exchange (KASE) |
डेटा वर्ष: 2024. स्रोत: World Bank National Accounts Data 2024, IMF World Economic Outlook April 2026, FocusEconomics Kazakhstan Country Report, Kazakhstan Bureau of National Statistics, KASE Official Exchange Data 2024, Astana Times / Kazakhstan government labour data, Wikipedia Economy of Kazakhstan, Worldometer / IMF GDP data. Individual figures may cover different reference periods — for example a fiscal year, or an estimate for the current year — and the overview above states these where known.
Figures carried over — the latest scheduled refresh could not update this record.
ताज़ा ख़बरें
Links open the publisher's website in a new tab.
सबसे बड़ी सूचीबद्ध कंपनियां
बाज़ार पूंजीकरण के अनुसार मुख्य स्थानीय एक्सचेंज पर सबसे बड़ी कंपनियां।
| # | कंपनी | क्षेत्र | बाज़ार पूंजीकरणUSD | US लिस्टिंग |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kaspi.kz JSCKSPI · KASE | Financial Technology / E-Commerce | $19.00B | KSPI |
| 2 | NAC Kazatomprom JSCKZAP · KASE | Uranium Mining | $9.50B | — |
| 3 | National Company KazMunayGas JSCKMGZ · KASE | Oil & Gas | $8.50B | — |
| 4 | Halyk Savings Bank of Kazakhstan JSCHSBK · KASE | Banking | $5.80B | — |
| 5 | Freedom Holding Corp.FRHC · KASE | Financial Services / Brokerage | $3.50B | FRHC |
| 6 | Kazakhtelecom JSCKZTK · KASE | Telecommunications | $1.40B | — |
| 7 | KEGOC JSCKEGC · KASE | Electric Utilities | $1.10B | — |
| 8 | Kcell JSCKCEL · KASE | Telecommunications | $900.00M | — |
| 9 | Air Astana JSCAIRA · KASE | Airlines | $800.00M | — |
| 10 | KazTransOil JSCKZTO · KASE | Oil & Gas Pipelines | $800.00M | — |
| 11 | Bank CenterCredit JSCCCBN · KASE | Banking | $700.00M | — |
| 12 | Kaspi Bank JSCCSBN · KASE | Banking | $600.00M | — |
| 13 | Samruk-Energy JSCSREN · KASE | Electric Utilities / Energy | $500.00M | — |
| 14 | ForteBank JSCFORT · KASE | Banking | $400.00M | — |
| 15 | Steppe Cement Ltd.STPC · KASE | Construction Materials | $150.00M | — |
US-ट्रेडेड ETF
US में सूचीबद्ध फंड जो इस बाज़ार में एक्सपोजर देते हैं, कई US निवेशकों के लिए सबसे सरल मार्ग।
| ETF | दायरा | व्यय अनुपातवार्षिक % | एक्सपोजरफंड का % |
|---|---|---|---|
| KAPKazatomprom GDR (LSE-listed) · NAC Kazatomprom JSC | एकल-देश No U.S. quote | 0.00% | 100% |
| VNMVanEck Vietnam ETF · VanEck | एकल-देश Reference only | 0.66% | 0% |
| EMFMGlobal X Next Emerging & Frontier ETF · Global X | व्यापक EM | 0.55% | 2% |
| FMiShares MSCI Frontier and Select EM ETF · BlackRock iShares | व्यापक EM | 0.79% | 2% |
स्थानीय एक्सचेंज और पहुंच
| एक्सचेंज | Kazakhstan Stock Exchange |
| कोड | KASE |
| वेबसाइट | kase.kz |
| मुद्रा | KZT |
स्थानीय दलाल पहुंच
Direct retail access to KASE for non-resident foreign investors is limited; most international investors gain exposure through Freedom Finance (FRHC on NASDAQ, which operates Freedom Finance JSC brokerage on KASE), or through global brokers offering OTC access to Kazatomprom GDRs (LSE: KAP) and Kaspi.kz GDRs (LSE: KSPI / NASDAQ: KSPI). The AIFC's AIX exchange, co-located in Astana, hosts several dual-listed companies and uses the AIFC's English-law framework. Local brokerage accounts generally require in-person KYC or engagement with a KASE-member broker.
विदेशी बाज़ार पहुंच वाले वैश्विक दलाल
- Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
- Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
- Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
- Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.
केवल सुविधा के लिए सूचीबद्ध: अनुशंसा नहीं। उपलब्ध बाज़ार, शुल्क और ऑनबोर्डिंग नियम दलाल और आपके निवास देश के अनुसार भिन्न होते हैं।
स्थानांतरण और निवास
निवेश वीज़ा / निवास कार्यक्रम
अनुदान No standardised investment-migration programme; long-term residency available via investment law
Kazakhstan does not operate a formal golden visa or citizenship-by-investment programme equivalent to those found in the EU or Caribbean. However, foreign nationals may obtain long-term residency (up to 10 years) through investment in priority sectors of the Kazakhstani economy as defined by the Law on Investments (2003, as amended). The Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) offers preferential visa and work-permit regimes for qualifying financial-sector professionals and investors, but these do not constitute a standardised investment-migration pathway. Permanent residency (vid na zhitelstvo) can be pursued after 5 years of legal residence.
आवेदन में सहायता चाहिए? विशेषज्ञ निवेश-प्रवासन सलाहकार जैसे Henley & Partners.
विदेशी निवेशक पहुंच
Kazakhstan has emerged as a notable destination for expatriate relocation, particularly from Russia following 2022. Astana and Almaty offer relatively accessible long-stay visa options for remote workers and entrepreneurs. The AIFC provides a common-law jurisdiction and English-language legal environment attractive to financial professionals. Cost of living is moderate relative to Western countries. The country operates on UTC+5 with no daylight saving time adjustment.
US-सूचीबद्ध ADR और क्रॉस-लिस्टिंग
इस देश की कंपनियां जिनके शेयर US में भी ट्रेड होते हैं, एक सामान्य US ब्रोकरेज खाते में निवेश योग्य।
| कंपनी | US टिकर | स्थानीय टिकर | नोट |
|---|---|---|---|
| Freedom Holding Corp. | FRHC | FRHC | Common shares listed on NASDAQ Capital Market since October 2019. Freedom Holding is incorporated in Nevada but operationally headquartered in Almaty, Kazakhstan, and derives the majority of its revenue from Central Asian financial services operations. |
| Kaspi.kz JSC | KSPI | KSPI | American Depositary Shares (ADS) listed on NASDAQ since January 2024; each ADS represents one ordinary share. Kaspi.kz is the most liquid and significant US-accessible Kazakhstani equity, representing the country's dominant fintech and marketplace platform. |
| NAC Kazatomprom JSC | NATKY | KZAP | OTC Pink Sheet ADR (NATKY) providing US retail investor access to Kazatomprom; the primary listing is the GDR on the London Stock Exchange (KAP). Kazatomprom is the world's largest uranium producer and the most internationally prominent Kazakhstani listed company after Kaspi.kz. |