Brazil

Обзор экономики и отраслей

Brazil is the largest economy in Latin America and the ninth or tenth largest in the world by nominal GDP, driven by a diverse mix of agriculture, mining, manufacturing, financial services, and energy. The country is a leading global exporter of soybeans, iron ore, crude oil, beef, sugar, coffee, and pulp, making commodities a central pillar of its export revenues. The financial sector is well-developed, featuring large private and state-owned banks, as well as a growing fintech ecosystem anchored by companies such as Nu Holdings. Brazil recorded real GDP growth of approximately 3.4% in 2024, though growth is projected to moderate in 2025–2026 amid tighter monetary policy, currency volatility, and fiscal uncertainty. The B3 exchange in São Paulo is the largest stock exchange in Latin America by market capitalisation and average trading volume.

Ключевые секторы

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Макро

ВВП номинальный, USD	$2.18T
Рост ВВП реальный, годовой	3.4%
Инфляция годовая	5.7%
Население человек	213.0M
ВВП на душу населения USD	$10,214
Рыночная капитализация всего на бирже, USD	$870.73B
Рыночная капитализация / ВВП	39.9%
Безработица	6.9%
Листингованные компании	358
Биржа	B3 – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (BVMF)

Год данных: 2024. Источники: World Bank World Development Indicators 2024, IMF World Economic Outlook April 2025, OECD Economic Outlook Volume 2025 Issue 1, B3 S.A. – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (Baker McKenzie Cross-Border Listings Guide, December 2025), CEIC Data – B3 Market Capitalisation USD, FocusEconomics – Brazil, Wikipedia – Economy of Brazil, Statista – Brazil GDP and Unemployment, Trading Economics – Brazil, Wikipedia – List of Largest Brazilian Companies, FinanceCharts – Biggest Companies in Brazil by Market Cap, BrazilianFinance.com – ADRs and ETFs, Americas Quarterly – Brazil 2025 Snapshot.

Местная биржа и доступ

Биржа	B3 – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão
Код	BVMF
Сайт	www.b3.com.br/en_us/
Валюта	BRL

Доступ через местных брокеров

Foreign investors can access Brazilian equities through US-listed ADRs (e.g., PBR, VALE, ITUB, BBD, ABEV, NU, GGB, ERJ) and US-traded ETFs (e.g., EWZ, FLBR, EWZS) without needing a Brazilian brokerage account. Direct investment on B3 requires a local CPF tax number, a Brazilian brokerage account or a custodian arrangement under CVM (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários) Resolution No. 13/2020 rules for foreign portfolio investors (formerly Instruction 4.373). Major international brokers including Interactive Brokers, Schwab, and Fidelity provide access to Brazilian ADRs. Currency risk between BRL and USD is a material consideration given the real's historical volatility.

Глобальные брокеры с доступом к иностранным рынкам

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Приведено исключительно для справки, не является рекомендацией. Доступные рынки, комиссии и условия обслуживания различаются у разных брокеров и зависят от страны вашего проживания.

Переезд и вид на жительство

Доступ для иностранных инвесторов

Brazil is open to foreign residents and retirees. A long-term resident visa requires proof of ongoing income (pension or employment) or a qualifying business investment. The cost of living is moderate compared to North America or Western Europe, though Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro are among Latin America's more expensive cities. Healthcare is provided through the public SUS system, with a large private-sector supplement. Portuguese language proficiency is strongly advisable. Foreign nationals must register with the Federal Police and obtain a CPF (tax identification number). Income earned abroad is taxable in Brazil for tax residents after 183 days in any 12-month period.