Colombia

Gambaran umum ekonomi & industri

Colombia is the fourth-largest economy in Latin America, with a nominal GDP of approximately $457 billion in 2025. The economy is driven by services, hydrocarbons (primarily oil and coal), agriculture (coffee, flowers, bananas), manufacturing, and a growing financial sector. Petroleum and coal together account for roughly half of merchandise export revenues, making the country sensitive to global commodity prices. Colombia is a member of the Pacific Alliance and has signed multiple free-trade agreements, giving its exporters broad market access. The country has a large and growing consumer class but faces structural challenges including income inequality, informality, and infrastructure gaps.

Sektor utama

📘 Pelajari semua tentang Colombia →

Makro

GDP nominal, USD	$457.41B
Pertumbuhan GDP riil, tahunan	2.6%
Inflasi tahunan	4.8%
Populasi orang	52.9M
GDP per kapita USD	$8,623
Kapitalisasi pasar total tercatat, USD	$236.00B
Kapitalisasi pasar / GDP	51.6%
Pengangguran	8.9%
Perusahaan terdaftar	89
Bursa	Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (Colombia Securities Exchange) (BVC)

Tahun data: 2025. Sumber: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026), World Bank National Accounts, Banco de la República de Colombia – Report to Congress July 2025, Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (BVC) – official statistics, DANE (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadístico), FocusEconomics Colombia Profile, BBVA Research Colombia Labour Market 2025, Wikipedia – Colombia Stock Exchange, Wikipedia – Economy of Colombia, Trading Economics – Colombia, CEOWORLD Magazine – Colombia largest companies by market cap (Feb 2025).

Bursa lokal & akses

Bursa	Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (Colombia Securities Exchange)
Kode	BVC
Situs web	www.bvc.com.co
Mata uang	COP

Akses broker lokal

Direct retail access to the BVC (Bolsa de Valores de Colombia) requires an account with a locally licensed brokerage (comisionista de bolsa) regulated by the Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia. Some international brokers provide access to Colombian ADRs (such as Bancolombia CIB and Ecopetrol EC) traded on the NYSE. US-listed ETFs such as GXG (Global X MSCI Colombia ETF) offer indirect exposure. Settlement on the BVC is T+2. Foreign investors may repatriate capital and dividends subject to standard FX registration requirements with the Banco de la República.

Broker global dengan akses pasar asing

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Dicantumkan hanya untuk kemudahan — bukan rekomendasi. Pasar yang tersedia, biaya, dan aturan pendaftaran berbeda berdasarkan broker dan negara tempat tinggal Anda.

Relokasi & residensi

Akses investor asing

Colombia is a popular destination for foreign residents and digital nomads. The country does not levy worldwide income tax on non-resident foreigners in their first year of residency; after becoming tax-resident (183+ days in a 365-day period), individuals are taxed on worldwide income. Cost of living is generally low relative to North America and Europe. Medellín and Bogotá are major hubs for international entrepreneurs and remote workers. Spanish is the official language. Safety conditions vary significantly by region.