Colombia

Visão geral da economia e do setor

Colombia is the fourth-largest economy in Latin America, with a nominal GDP of approximately $457 billion in 2025. The economy is driven by services, hydrocarbons (primarily oil and coal), agriculture (coffee, flowers, bananas), manufacturing, and a growing financial sector. Petroleum and coal together account for roughly half of merchandise export revenues, making the country sensitive to global commodity prices. Colombia is a member of the Pacific Alliance and has signed multiple free-trade agreements, giving its exporters broad market access. The country has a large and growing consumer class but faces structural challenges including income inequality, informality, and infrastructure gaps.

Setores-chave

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Macro

PIB nominal, USD	$457.41B
Crescimento do PIB real, anual	2.6%
Inflação anual	4.8%
População pessoas	52.9M
PIB per capita USD	$8,623
Capitalização de mercado total cotado, USD	$236.00B
Cap. de mercado / PIB	51.6%
Desemprego	8.9%
Empresas listadas	89
Bolsa	Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (Colombia Securities Exchange) (BVC)

Ano dos dados: 2025. Fontes: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026), World Bank National Accounts, Banco de la República de Colombia – Report to Congress July 2025, Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (BVC) – official statistics, DANE (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadístico), FocusEconomics Colombia Profile, BBVA Research Colombia Labour Market 2025, Wikipedia – Colombia Stock Exchange, Wikipedia – Economy of Colombia, Trading Economics – Colombia, CEOWORLD Magazine – Colombia largest companies by market cap (Feb 2025).

Bolsa local e acesso

Bolsa	Bolsa de Valores de Colombia (Colombia Securities Exchange)
Código	BVC
Site	www.bvc.com.co
Moeda	COP

Acesso por corretoras locais

Direct retail access to the BVC (Bolsa de Valores de Colombia) requires an account with a locally licensed brokerage (comisionista de bolsa) regulated by the Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia. Some international brokers provide access to Colombian ADRs (such as Bancolombia CIB and Ecopetrol EC) traded on the NYSE. US-listed ETFs such as GXG (Global X MSCI Colombia ETF) offer indirect exposure. Settlement on the BVC is T+2. Foreign investors may repatriate capital and dividends subject to standard FX registration requirements with the Banco de la República.

Corretoras globais com acesso a mercados estrangeiros

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Listado apenas por conveniência — não constitui recomendação. Mercados disponíveis, taxas e regras de cadastro variam por corretora e pelo seu país de residência.

Relocalização e residência

Acesso para investidores estrangeiros

Colombia is a popular destination for foreign residents and digital nomads. The country does not levy worldwide income tax on non-resident foreigners in their first year of residency; after becoming tax-resident (183+ days in a 365-day period), individuals are taxed on worldwide income. Cost of living is generally low relative to North America and Europe. Medellín and Bogotá are major hubs for international entrepreneurs and remote workers. Spanish is the official language. Safety conditions vary significantly by region.