Vietnam 前沿市场

经济与产业概览

Vietnam operates a socialist-oriented market economy that has grown at an average rate of roughly 6 to 7 percent annually over the past decade, making it one of Southeast Asia's fastest-expanding economies. The economy is driven by manufacturing and export-oriented industries, particularly electronics, textiles, footwear, and machinery, underpinned by strong foreign direct investment inflows. Agriculture, financial services, and real estate also play significant roles, while a young and growing labour force supports domestic consumption. In October 2025, FTSE Russell announced an upgrade of Vietnam from frontier to secondary emerging market status, effective September 2026, a milestone reflecting years of capital market reforms. MSCI continues to classify Vietnam as a frontier market as of its 2026 Annual Market Classification Review, citing remaining issues with foreign ownership limits and market accessibility.

主要行业

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宏观

GDP 名义, 美元	$476.32B
GDP增速 实际, 年度	7.1%
通胀率 年度	3.6%
人口 人口	102.7M
人均GDP 美元	$4,620
市值 上市总额, 美元	$387.00B
市值/GDP	84.0%
失业率	2.2%
上市公司数量	400
交易所	Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (primary) and Hanoi Stock Exchange (secondary), both subsidiaries of Vietnam Stock Exchange under the State Securities Commission of Vietnam. (HOSE)

数据年份: 2024. 数据来源: Vietnam General Statistics Office (GSO), International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Economic Outlook 2025, CEIC Data, Worldometer GDP data, FocusEconomics Vietnam, Embassy of Switzerland Economic Report Vietnam 2024, Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) Official Data, VN Market Insights 2025-2026, MSCI 2026 Annual Market Classification Review, FTSE Russell Country Classification October 2025, VanEck (VNM ETF), The Investor VN, Vietnam Investment Review (VIR), Simply Wall St, The Global Economy. Individual figures may cover different reference periods — for example a fiscal year, or an estimate for the current year — and the overview above states these where known.

本地交易所与准入

交易所	Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (primary) and Hanoi Stock Exchange (secondary), both subsidiaries of Vietnam Stock Exchange under the State Securities Commission of Vietnam.
代码	HOSE
网站	www.hsx.vn
货币	VND

本地券商准入

Foreign investors wishing to trade Vietnamese equities directly on HOSE or HNX must open a Securities Trading Code (STC) account with a licensed Vietnamese broker such as SSI Securities, VNDirect, Viet Capital Securities (VCSC), or TCBS. Account setup typically requires an in-person visit or notarised documentation. International retail investors more commonly access Vietnam through US-listed ETFs such as VNM and VNAM via global brokers including Interactive Brokers. Foreign ownership limits (FOL) apply in many sectors and can restrict direct equity positions.

支持外国市场准入的全球券商

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

仅供参考，不构成推荐。不同券商及您所在国家/地区的可用市场、费用及开户规定各有不同。

移居与居留权

外资准入

Vietnam does not operate a formal golden visa or residency-by-investment programme. Foreign nationals may reside in Vietnam on renewable work permits, business visas, or investor visas linked to registered capital in a Vietnamese enterprise. Permanent residency is available only under limited circumstances and is not generally accessible to ordinary foreign investors.