Egypt
Africa / Middle East · Cairo · EGP (Egyptian Pound)
Aperçu économique et sectoriel
Egypt is the most populous country in the Arab world and one of Africa's largest economies, with a nominal GDP of approximately $348 billion (FY2024/25) underpinned by hydrocarbons, tourism, Suez Canal revenues, remittances, and a large agricultural sector. The economy went through a significant financial crisis in 2023–2024 stemming from foreign-exchange shortages and currency pressure, which was resolved through a $35 billion UAE investment deal, a free-float of the Egyptian pound, and a combined $22 billion in multilateral support from the IMF, World Bank, and European Union. Key industries include textiles, food processing, chemicals, construction, cement, fertilisers, tourism, and energy. Egypt is classified as a lower-middle-income emerging market and a member of BRICS, AfCFTA, COMESA, and the WTO. The Egyptian Exchange (EGX), founded in 1883, is one of the oldest exchanges in Africa and the Middle East.
Secteurs clés
Tout savoir sur Egypt →Macro
| PIB nominal, USD | $348.00B |
| Croissance du PIB réel, annuel | 4.5% |
| Inflation annuel | 14.9% |
| Population habitants | 116.5M |
| PIB par habitant USD | $3,379 |
| Capitalisation boursière total coté, USD | $67.30B |
| Capitalisation boursière / PIB | 19.3% |
| Chômage | 6.6% |
| Sociétés cotées | 303 |
| Bourse | Egyptian Exchange (EGX) |
Année des données: 2025. Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2025), World Bank Development Indicators, Egyptian Exchange (EGX) official data, CAPMAS (Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics), Forbes Middle East Top 50 Listed Companies 2026, Trading Economics, Worldometer GDP data, Wikipedia – Economy of Egypt, Focus Economics – Egypt Unemployment.
Dernières actualités
Links open the publisher's website in a new tab.
Principales sociétés cotées
Les plus grandes entreprises de la principale bourse locale, par capitalisation boursière.
| # | Entreprise | Secteur | Capitalisation boursièreUSD | Cotation américaine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Commercial International Bank (CIB)COMI · EGX | Banking & Financial Services | $9.60B | — |
| 2 | Talaat Moustafa Group HoldingTMGH · EGX | Real Estate & Construction | $3.30B | — |
| 3 | Elsewedy ElectricSWDY · EGX | Industrials – Electrical Equipment | $2.80B | — |
| 4 | QNB AlahliQNBA · EGX | Banking & Financial Services | $2.50B | — |
| 5 | Telecom EgyptETEL · EGX | Telecommunications | $2.20B | — |
| 6 | Eastern CompanyEAST · EGX | Consumer Goods – Tobacco | $1.90B | — |
| 7 | Abu Qir FertilizersABUK · EGX | Basic Materials – Fertilisers | $1.70B | — |
| 8 | Orascom ConstructionORAS · EGX | Industrials – Construction | $1.50B | — |
| 9 | EFG HoldingEFGD · EGX | Banking & Financial Services | $1.30B | — |
| 10 | Banque du CaireBCAI · EGX | Banking & Financial Services | $1.20B | — |
| 11 | Misr Fertilizers Production Company (MOPCO)MFPC · EGX | Basic Materials – Fertilisers | $1.10B | — |
| 12 | Credit Agricole EgyptCIEB · EGX | Banking & Financial Services | $1.00B | — |
| 13 | Egyptian Financial Group – Hermes (EFG Hermes)HRHO · EGX | Banking & Financial Services | $950.00M | — |
| 14 | Fawry for Banking & Payment TechnologyFWRY · EGX | Technology – Fintech | $900.00M | — |
| 15 | Edita Food IndustriesEDIT · EGX | Consumer Goods – Food | $750.00M | — |
| 16 | Misr Cement GroupMCGE · EGX | Industrials – Cement | $700.00M | — |
| 17 | Egyptian Resorts Company (ERC)EGTS · EGX | Real Estate & Tourism | $650.00M | — |
| 18 | Palm Hills DevelopmentsPHDC · EGX | Real Estate | $620.00M | — |
| 19 | SODIC (Six of October Development and Investment Company)OCDI · EGX | Real Estate | $590.00M | — |
| 20 | Egyptian Gulf Bank (EG Bank)EGBE · EGX | Banking & Financial Services | $560.00M | — |
ETF négociés aux États-Unis
Fonds cotés aux États-Unis offrant une exposition à ce marché, la voie la plus simple pour de nombreux investisseurs américains.
| ETF | Périmètre | Ratio de frais% annuel | Exposition% du fonds |
|---|---|---|---|
| EGPTVanEck Egypt Index ETF · VanEck | Monopays | 0.94% | 100% |
| PMNAInvesco MENA ETF · Invesco | Régional No U.S. quote | 0.70% | 5% |
| AFKVanEck Africa Index ETF · VanEck | Régional | 0.79% | 15% |
| FMiShares MSCI Frontier and Select EM ETF · BlackRock iShares | Marchés émergents larges | 0.79% | 3% |
Bourse locale & accès
| Bourse | Egyptian Exchange |
| Code | EGX |
| Site web | www.egx.com.eg |
| Devise | EGP |
Accès aux courtiers locaux
Foreign investors can access EGX-listed securities through international brokers with Middle East/Africa coverage (e.g., EFG Hermes, CI Capital, Arqaam Capital, Pharos Securities) or through global platforms offering Egyptian equities. Foreign ownership of EGX-listed shares is generally permitted; repatriation of profits is allowed under the Investment Law. The EGP is a free-floating currency since March 2024. Transactions on the EGX are not subject to capital gains tax for foreign investors; a small stamp duty of 0.001% applies to all transactions.
Courtiers internationaux avec accès aux marchés étrangers
- Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
- Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
- Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
- Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.
Indiqué à titre indicatif uniquement, pas une recommandation. Les marchés disponibles, les frais et les règles d'ouverture de compte varient selon le courtier et votre pays de résidence.
Relocalisation & résidence
Visa d'investissement / programme de résidence
Subventions Temporary residency (renewable); permanent residency / nationality pathway at higher investment thresholds
Egypt operates a residency-by-investment programme under which foreign nationals can obtain a renewable residency permit by depositing a minimum amount in a designated Egyptian bank (non-interest-bearing), purchasing real estate above a specified value, or making a qualifying direct investment. A USD 250,000 deposit or real estate purchase grants a five-year renewable residency; lower thresholds (USD 100,000) grant a one-year renewable residency. A USD 400,000 investment can qualify for permanent residency or nationality consideration under specific conditions. The programme is administered by the General Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI).
Investissement minimum: $100.00K
Besoin d'aide pour votre candidature ? Des conseillers spécialisés en migration par investissement tels que Henley & Partners.
Accès pour les investisseurs étrangers
Egypt allows foreigners to reside and work subject to standard visa and work-permit requirements. Investment residency permits are available through GAFI. The cost of living is relatively low by regional standards. Arabic is the official language; English is widely used in business. Healthcare quality varies significantly between private and public sectors.
ADR et co-cotations aux États-Unis
Sociétés de ce pays dont les actions se négocient également aux États-Unis, accessibles via un compte de courtage américain ordinaire.
| Entreprise | Ticker américain | Ticker local | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commercial International Bank (CIB) | CIBEY | COMI | CIB has an OTC ADR in the United States traded under the ticker CIBEY on OTC Markets (Level 1). It is the most liquid Egyptian banking name accessible to US retail investors through OTC channels. |
| Edita Food Industries | EDTEF | EDIT | Edita trades OTC in the US as a pink-sheet ADR (EDTEF) and has a GDR listed on the London Stock Exchange (ticker: EDIT LN). It is one of the few Egyptian consumer companies accessible to international investors via a US-registered instrument. |
| Orascom Construction | ORAS | Orascom Construction is dual-listed on the EGX and NASDAQ Dubai (ticker: OC). No formal US ADR exists, but international investors can access it through NASDAQ Dubai or the EGX directly. |