Egypt

经济与产业概览

Egypt is the most populous country in the Arab world and one of Africa's largest economies, with a nominal GDP of approximately $348 billion (FY2024/25) underpinned by hydrocarbons, tourism, Suez Canal revenues, remittances, and a large agricultural sector. The economy went through a significant financial crisis in 2023–2024 stemming from foreign-exchange shortages and currency pressure, which was resolved through a $35 billion UAE investment deal, a free-float of the Egyptian pound, and a combined $22 billion in multilateral support from the IMF, World Bank, and European Union. Key industries include textiles, food processing, chemicals, construction, cement, fertilisers, tourism, and energy. Egypt is classified as a lower-middle-income emerging market and a member of BRICS, AfCFTA, COMESA, and the WTO. The Egyptian Exchange (EGX), founded in 1883, is one of the oldest exchanges in Africa and the Middle East.

主要行业

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宏观

GDP 名义, 美元	$348.00B
GDP增速 实际, 年度	4.5%
通胀率 年度	14.9%
人口 人口	116.5M
人均GDP 美元	$3,379
市值 上市总额, 美元	$67.30B
市值/GDP	19.3%
失业率	6.6%
上市公司数量	303
交易所	Egyptian Exchange (EGX)

数据年份: 2025. 数据来源: IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2025), World Bank Development Indicators, Egyptian Exchange (EGX) official data, CAPMAS (Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics), Forbes Middle East Top 50 Listed Companies 2026, Trading Economics, Worldometer GDP data, Wikipedia – Economy of Egypt, Focus Economics – Egypt Unemployment.

本地交易所与准入

交易所	Egyptian Exchange
代码	EGX
网站	www.egx.com.eg
货币	EGP

本地券商准入

Foreign investors can access EGX-listed securities through international brokers with Middle East/Africa coverage (e.g., EFG Hermes, CI Capital, Arqaam Capital, Pharos Securities) or through global platforms offering Egyptian equities. Foreign ownership of EGX-listed shares is generally permitted; repatriation of profits is allowed under the Investment Law. The EGP is a free-floating currency since March 2024. Transactions on the EGX are not subject to capital gains tax for foreign investors; a small stamp duty of 0.001% applies to all transactions.

支持外国市场准入的全球券商

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

仅供参考，不构成推荐。不同券商及您所在国家/地区的可用市场、费用及开户规定各有不同。

移居与居留权

外资准入

Egypt allows foreigners to reside and work subject to standard visa and work-permit requirements. Investment residency permits are available through GAFI. The cost of living is relatively low by regional standards. Arabic is the official language; English is widely used in business. Healthcare quality varies significantly between private and public sectors.