China

Tổng quan kinh tế & ngành

China is the world's second-largest economy by nominal GDP and the largest by purchasing-power parity, with a diversified industrial base spanning manufacturing, technology, finance, energy, and consumer goods. The economy recorded official real GDP growth of 5.0% in 2024, driven by strong export performance, industrial output, and infrastructure investment, though persistent deflationary pressures and a prolonged property-sector downturn weighed on domestic demand. China is the world's largest exporter and a dominant producer of electronics, machinery, steel, chemicals, electric vehicles, and renewable energy equipment. Financial markets are centred on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) and Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE), with a combined domestic market capitalisation exceeding $11.7 trillion in 2024. The government continues to pursue a strategy of transitioning from investment- and export-led growth toward higher-value-added manufacturing and domestic consumption.

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Vĩ mô

GDP danh nghĩa, USD	$18.74T
Tăng trưởng GDP thực, hàng năm	5.0%
Lạm phát hàng năm	0.2%
Dân số người	1.41B
GDP bình quân đầu người USD	$13,122
Vốn hóa thị trường tổng niêm yết, USD	$11.76T
Vốn hóa thị trường / GDP	62.7%
Thất nghiệp	5.1%
Công ty niêm yết	5,462
Sàn giao dịch	Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE)

Năm dữ liệu: 2024. Nguồn: World Bank – World Development Indicators, IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026), China National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Trading Economics, FocusEconomics, Macrotrends, TheGlobalEconomy.com, CEIC Data, Wikipedia – List of countries by stock market capitalisation, US-China Business Council.

Sàn giao dịch địa phương & tiếp cận

Sàn giao dịch	Shanghai Stock Exchange
Mã	SSE
Trang web	www.sse.com.cn
Tiền tệ	CNY

Tiếp cận qua môi giới địa phương

Foreign retail investors generally cannot directly purchase A-shares on the SSE or SZSE without a domestic brokerage account. Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFII) and the Stock Connect programmes (Shanghai–Hong Kong Connect and Shenzhen–Hong Kong Connect) are the primary regulated channels for international access to mainland-listed equities. H-shares (Hong Kong-listed Chinese companies) and US-listed ADRs/depositary receipts provide additional access points. Offshore brokers offering China exposure typically route through Hong Kong or use synthetic instruments.

Môi giới toàn cầu có tiếp cận thị trường nước ngoài

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

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Tiếp cận của nhà đầu tư nước ngoài

Foreign nationals residing and working in China require a residence permit tied to employment, family, or study. Long-term permanent residency (the 'China Green Card') is granted on a discretionary basis and is historically difficult to obtain. Tax residency is triggered after 183 days in a calendar year. All foreign currency movements are subject to capital controls administered by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE).