Latvia Frontière
Europe · Riga · EUR (Euro)
Aperçu économique et sectoriel
Latvia is a small, open EU and eurozone economy in the Baltic region, with a nominal GDP of approximately USD 43.5 billion (World Bank, 2024). The economy is driven by services, transit and logistics, wood processing, food manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and information technology. Latvia joined the EU in 2004 and adopted the euro in 2014, anchoring its monetary and trade policy to the eurozone. After a mild contraction in 2023–2024, growth resumed in 2025 underpinned by EU structural fund inflows, wage-driven consumption, and export recovery. Demographic decline and energy-security adjustments post-2022 remain structural challenges.
Secteurs clés
📘 Tout savoir sur Latvia →Macro
| PIB nominal, USD | $43.52B |
| Croissance du PIB réel, annuel | 2.1% |
| Inflation annuel | 1.3% |
| Population habitants | 1.9M |
| PIB par habitant USD | $23,368 |
| Capitalisation boursière total coté, USD | $440.00M |
| Capitalisation boursière / PIB | 1.0% |
| Chômage | 6.8% |
| Sociétés cotées | 13 |
| Bourse | Nasdaq Riga (XRIS) |
Année des données: 2024. Sources: World Bank National Accounts 2024, IMF World Economic Outlook October 2024, Nasdaq Riga / Nasdaq Baltic official statistics Q4 2025, Wikipedia – Economy of Latvia, Nasdaq.com Riga Exchange page, GetGoldenVisa.com Latvia 2026, ImmigrantInvest.com Latvia Golden Visa 2026, GlobalCitizenSolutions.com Latvia Golden Visa 2026, TradingEconomics.com Latvia, FocusEconomics Latvia, StatisticsTimes.com Latvia GDP 2024.
Dernières actualités
Poland
Romania
Greece
Portugal
Hungary
Croatia
Czech Republic
Iceland
Slovenia
Cyprus
Bulgaria
Lithuania
Serbia
Malta
Slovakia
EstoniaPrincipales sociétés cotées
Les plus grandes entreprises de la principale bourse locale, par capitalisation boursière.
| # | Entreprise | Secteur | Capitalisation boursièreUSD | Cotation américaine |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Latvenergo ASLVE1R · Nasdaq Riga | Utilities – Electricity | $4.90B | — |
| 2 | Conexus Baltic Grid ASCBG1R · Nasdaq Riga | Utilities – Natural Gas Infrastructure | $210.00M | — |
| 3 | Grindeks ASGRD1R · Nasdaq Riga | Pharmaceuticals | $130.00M | — |
| 4 | Olainfarm ASOLF1R · Nasdaq Riga | Pharmaceuticals | $95.00M | — |
| 5 | Amber Latvijas Balzams ASBAL1R · Nasdaq Riga | Consumer Staples – Beverages | $55.00M | — |
| 6 | SAF Tehnika ASSAF1R · Nasdaq Riga | Technology – Telecommunications Equipment | $32.00M | — |
| 7 | Latvijas Jūras medicīnas centrs ASLJM1R · Nasdaq Riga | Healthcare | $18.00M | — |
| 8 | Rīgas elektromašīnbūves rūpnīca AS (RER)RER1R · Nasdaq Riga | Industrials – Electrical Equipment | $14.00M | — |
| 9 | Siguldas ciltslietu un mākslīgās apsēklošanas stacija ASSCA1R · Nasdaq Riga | Agriculture | $8.00M | — |
ETF négociés aux États-Unis
Fonds cotés aux États-Unis offrant une exposition à ce marché — la voie la plus simple pour de nombreux investisseurs américains.
| Ticker | ETF | Émetteur | Périmètre | Ratio de frais% annuel | Exposition% du fonds |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VEA | Vanguard FTSE Developed Markets ETF | Vanguard | Marchés émergents larges | 0.03% | 0% |
| GUR | SPDR S&P Emerging Europe ETF | State Street Global Advisors (SPDR) | Régional Delisted Reference only | 0.45% | 0% |
| EEUR | iShares MSCI Eastern Europe Capped ETF | BlackRock iShares | Régional Reference only | 0.69% | 0% |
Bourse locale & accès
| Bourse | Nasdaq Riga |
| Code | XRIS |
| Site web | nasdaqbaltic.com |
| Devise | EUR |
Accès aux courtiers locaux
Nasdaq Riga is part of the Nasdaq Baltic integrated market; investors may access Latvian-listed equities through brokers with Baltic market connectivity such as Swedbank Markets, SEB, Luminor, Interactive Brokers (Baltic access), and Lynx Broker. Settlement is in EUR via Nasdaq CSD. Liquidity on individual Latvian listings is thin; most international investors access Baltic exposure via regional ETFs or pan-Baltic broker platforms. There are no US-listed ADRs for Latvian companies.
Courtiers internationaux avec accès aux marchés étrangers
- Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
- Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
- Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
- Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.
Indiqué à titre indicatif uniquement — pas une recommandation. Les marchés disponibles, les frais et les règles d'ouverture de compte varient selon le courtier et votre pays de résidence.
Relocalisation & résidence
Visa d'investissement / programme de résidence
Subventions Temporary residency (renewable); pathway to permanent residency after 5 years
Latvia operates a residency-by-investment programme (Golden Visa) under Section 23(1)(28) of the Immigration Law, originally established in 2010. Investment routes include: (1) €50,000 equity investment in a qualifying Latvian company that pays at least €40,000 per year in taxes, plus a one-time €10,000 government fee; (2) €250,000 real estate purchase; (3) €280,000 subordinated bank deposit. The programme grants a temporary residence permit (renewable). Permanent residency may be applied for after 5 years and citizenship after 10 years of continuous residence. No minimum physical residence requirement applies for the temporary permit itself. The programme recorded 201 approvals in 2025 and is under ongoing parliamentary review as of mid-2026.
Investissement minimum: $54.00K
Besoin d'aide pour votre candidature ? Des conseillers spécialisés en migration par investissement tels que Henley & Partners.
Accès pour les investisseurs étrangers
Latvia is a Schengen Area and EU member state. Residence permit holders may travel visa-free across 29 Schengen countries. Latvia operates a flat 20% personal income tax. The official language is Latvian; English is widely used in business and the tech sector. Riga offers a relatively low cost of living compared to Western European capitals. Healthcare and education are available in both Latvian and, to varying degrees, Russian and English. EU citizens may reside and work freely.