نظرة عامة على الاقتصاد والصناعة
Pakistan is a lower-middle-income developing economy with a nominal GDP of approximately $373 billion, ranking among the 40 largest economies globally. The economy is structurally diversified across agriculture (approximately 23% of GDP), a growing services sector (approximately 58% of GDP), and manufacturing including textiles, which is the dominant export industry. Key exports include textiles and garments, food products, chemicals, leather goods, and sports equipment, with the United States and European Union as the primary export destinations. The economy has faced recurring challenges including high inflation, current-account deficits, fiscal pressures, and periodic reliance on IMF support programmes. Pakistan is classified as a frontier market by MSCI and FTSE Russell, with the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) serving as the primary capital market.
القطاعات الرئيسية
تعرّف على كل شيء عن Pakistan →المؤشرات الكلية
| GDP اسمي، دولار | $373.07B |
| نمو GDP حقيقي، سنوي | 3.1% |
| التضخم سنوي | 12.6% |
| السكان نسمة | 247.5M |
| نصيب الفرد من GDP دولار | $1,644 |
| القيمة السوقية إجمالي المُدرج، دولار | $64.83B |
| القيمة السوقية / GDP | 17.4% |
| البطالة | 6.9% |
| الشركات المدرجة | 561 |
| البورصة | Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) |
سنة البيانات: 2024. المصادر: World Bank (GDP, Inflation), IMF World Economic Outlook, Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) official data, Trading Economics, Macrotrends, FocusEconomics, Wikipedia – Economy of Pakistan, Wikipedia – Pakistan Stock Exchange, Wikipedia – List of largest companies in Pakistan, Business Recorder (PSX market cap rankings), Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). Individual figures may cover different reference periods — for example a fiscal year, or an estimate for the current year — and the overview above states these where known.
Figures carried over — the latest scheduled refresh could not update this record.
آخر الأخبار
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أسواق South Asia الأخرى
أكبر الشركات المدرجة
أكبر الشركات في البورصة المحلية الرئيسية بحسب القيمة السوقية.
| # | الشركة | القطاع | القيمة السوقيةدولار | الإدراج الأمريكي |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United Bank LimitedUBL · PSX | Banking | $4.03B | — |
| 2 | Oil and Gas Development Company LimitedOGDC · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration | $3.46B | — |
| 3 | Mari Energies LimitedMARI · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration | $2.91B | — |
| 4 | Fauji Fertilizer Company LimitedFFC · PSX | Fertilizers & Chemicals | $2.05B | — |
| 5 | Meezan Bank LimitedMEBL · PSX | Islamic Banking | $1.90B | — |
| 6 | National Bank of PakistanNBP · PSX | Banking | $1.84B | — |
| 7 | Pakistan Petroleum LimitedPPL · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration | $1.70B | — |
| 8 | Habib Bank LimitedHBL · PSX | Banking | $1.69B | — |
| 9 | MCB Bank LimitedMCB · PSX | Banking | $1.60B | — |
| 10 | Lucky Cement LimitedLUCK · PSX | Cement & Construction Materials | $1.10B | — |
| 11 | Engro Fertilizers LimitedEFERT · PSX | Fertilizers & Chemicals | $940.00M | — |
| 12 | Engro Corporation LimitedENGRO · PSX | Diversified Conglomerate | $830.00M | — |
| 13 | Bestway Cement LimitedBWCL · PSX | Cement & Construction Materials | $740.00M | — |
| 14 | Pakistan State Oil Company LimitedPSO · PSX | Petroleum Marketing & Distribution | $720.00M | — |
| 15 | Standard Chartered Bank (Pakistan) LimitedSCBPL · PSX | Banking | $710.00M | — |
| 16 | Systems LimitedSYS · PSX | Information Technology & Software | $630.00M | — |
| 17 | Pakistan Oilfields LimitedPOL · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration | $620.00M | — |
| 18 | Hub Power Company LimitedHUBC · PSX | Power Generation | $590.00M | — |
| 19 | Bank Alfalah LimitedBAFL · PSX | Banking | $560.00M | — |
| 20 | Interloop LimitedILP · PSX | Textiles & Apparel | $520.00M | — |
| 21 | Millat Tractors LimitedMTL · PSX | Agricultural Machinery | $490.00M | — |
| 22 | Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim LimitedFFBL · PSX | Fertilizers & Chemicals | $450.00M | — |
| 23 | Nestle Pakistan LimitedNESTLE · PSX | Food & Beverages | $420.00M | — |
| 24 | Colgate-Palmolive Pakistan LimitedCOLG · PSX | Consumer Goods & Personal Care | $390.00M | — |
| 25 | DG Cement Company LimitedDGKC · PSX | Cement & Construction Materials | $370.00M | — |
صناديق ETF المتداولة في الولايات المتحدة
صناديق مدرجة في الولايات المتحدة تتيح التعرض لهذا السوق، وهي أبسط مسار لكثير من المستثمرين الأمريكيين.
| ETF | النطاق | نسبة المصاريف% سنوي | التعرض% من الصندوق |
|---|---|---|---|
| KALLKraneShares MSCI All China Index ETF · KraneShares | إقليمي Reference only | 0.55% | 0% |
| EMFMGlobal X Next Emerging & Frontier ETF · Global X | الأسواق الناشئة الشاملة | 0.56% | 4% |
| FMiShares MSCI Frontier and Select EM ETF · BlackRock iShares | الأسواق الناشئة الشاملة | 0.79% | 4% |
| FMQQFMQQ The Next Frontier Internet ETF · FMQQ Index LLC / Exchange Traded Concepts | إقليمي | 0.86% | 2% |
البورصة المحلية وإمكانية الوصول
| البورصة | Pakistan Stock Exchange |
| الرمز | PSX |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | www.psx.com.pk |
| العملة | PKR |
وصول الوسطاء المحليين
Foreign investors may access Pakistan equities through the PSX via local brokerage accounts approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). Major international brokers with frontier-market desk access (e.g., Interactive Brokers, EFG Hermes, Arif Habib Limited) can facilitate access for qualified foreign investors. Capital repatriation is permitted under State Bank of Pakistan rules, though exchange controls and regulatory compliance requirements apply. US-based retail investors generally access Pakistan market exposure through frontier/EM-focused ETFs rather than direct PSX accounts.
وسطاء عالميون مع إمكانية الوصول إلى الأسواق الأجنبية
- Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
- Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
- Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
- Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.
مُدرَج للتسهيل فقط، وليس توصية. تختلف الأسواق المتاحة والرسوم وقواعد الإعداد بحسب الوسيط وبلد إقامتك.
الانتقال والإقامة
تأشيرة الاستثمار / برنامج الإقامة
المنح No formal investment-migration programme
Pakistan does not operate a formal residency-by-investment or citizenship-by-investment programme comparable to international 'golden visa' schemes. Foreign nationals may obtain various categories of visa and residence permits through standard immigration channels, and the Board of Investment facilitates foreign direct investment, but there is no dedicated investment-migration programme granting automatic residency or citizenship in exchange for a defined financial threshold.
هل تحتاج إلى مساعدة في التقديم؟ يمكن لمستشاري الهجرة الاستثمارية المتخصصين، مثل Henley & Partners.
وصول المستثمرين الأجانب
Foreign nationals wishing to reside in Pakistan must apply through standard visa categories (business, employment, or family). Long-term visas and multiple-entry permissions are available for investors and business visitors through the Board of Investment. The country does not currently offer a formal investment-linked residency pathway.
عقود ADR والإدراجات المزدوجة في الولايات المتحدة
شركات من هذه الدولة تتداول أسهمها أيضًا في الولايات المتحدة، قابلة للاستثمار عبر حساب وساطة أمريكي عادي.
| الشركة | رمز التداول الأمريكي | رمز التداول المحلي | ملاحظة |
|---|---|---|---|
| No active US ADR programme | — | As of the data year, no major PSX-listed company maintains an active Level I, II, or III American Depositary Receipt programme on a US exchange or OTC market. Pakistani companies do not have significant cross-listings in the United States. Foreign investors access Pakistan equities through PSX accounts or through frontier-market ETFs. |