Pakistan Thị trường tiên phong
South Asia · Islamabad · PKR (Pakistani Rupee)
Tổng quan kinh tế & ngành
Pakistan is a lower-middle-income developing economy with a nominal GDP of approximately $373 billion, making it one of the largest economies in South Asia. The economy is structured around agriculture (contributing roughly 23% of GDP), a large services sector (approximately 58%), and industry including manufacturing (around 18%). Key industries include textiles and apparel (the dominant export earner), oil and gas exploration, fertilisers, cement, banking, and an emerging information technology and business-process outsourcing sector. Pakistan has historically faced macroeconomic challenges including high inflation, external debt pressures, and a recurring need for IMF support programmes, though inflation has moderated sharply from its 2023 peak to around 3–4% by 2025. The Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), headquartered in Karachi, is classified as a frontier market and has delivered significant equity returns in recent years driven by macroeconomic stabilisation efforts.
Các ngành trọng điểm
📘 Tìm hiểu mọi thứ về Pakistan →Vĩ mô
| GDP danh nghĩa, USD | $373.07B |
| Tăng trưởng GDP thực, hàng năm | 2.5% |
| Lạm phát hàng năm | 3.5% |
| Dân số người | 251.3M |
| GDP bình quân đầu người USD | $1,644 |
| Vốn hóa thị trường tổng niêm yết, USD | $62.00B |
| Vốn hóa thị trường / GDP | 16.6% |
| Thất nghiệp | 5.5% |
| Công ty niêm yết | 540 |
| Sàn giao dịch | Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) |
Năm dữ liệu: 2024. Nguồn: World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), Trading Economics, Macrotrends, Business Recorder, Pakistan Observer, Wikipedia – Economy of Pakistan, Focus Economics, Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP).
Tin mới nhất
Các thị trường South Asia khác
Các công ty niêm yết lớn nhất
Các công ty lớn nhất trên sàn giao dịch địa phương chính, theo vốn hóa thị trường.
| # | Công ty | Ngành | Vốn hóa thị trườngUSD | Niêm yết tại Mỹ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oil & Gas Development Company LimitedOGDC · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration & Production | $4.25B | — |
| 2 | United Bank LimitedUBL · PSX | Banking | $3.59B | — |
| 3 | Mari Energies LimitedMARI · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration & Production | $3.32B | — |
| 4 | Meezan Bank LimitedMEBL · PSX | Islamic Banking | $2.94B | — |
| 5 | Lucky Cement LimitedLUCK · PSX | Cement & Construction Materials | $2.47B | — |
| 6 | Fauji Fertilizer Company LimitedFFC · PSX | Fertilisers | $2.43B | — |
| 7 | Habib Bank LimitedHBL · PSX | Banking | $1.68B | — |
| 8 | MCB Bank LimitedMCB · PSX | Banking | $1.58B | — |
| 9 | Pakistan Petroleum LimitedPPL · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration & Production | $1.95B | — |
| 10 | National Bank of PakistanNBP · PSX | Banking (State-Owned) | $1.20B | — |
| 11 | Engro Corporation LimitedENGRO · PSX | Diversified Conglomerate | $900.00M | — |
| 12 | Engro Fertilizers LimitedEFERT · PSX | Fertilisers | $750.00M | — |
| 13 | The Hub Power Company LimitedHUBC · PSX | Power Generation | $1.09B | — |
| 14 | Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim LimitedFFBL · PSX | Fertilisers | $320.00M | — |
| 15 | Allied Bank LimitedABL · PSX | Banking | $700.00M | — |
| 16 | Pakistan State Oil Company LimitedPSO · PSX | Oil Marketing & Distribution | $650.00M | — |
| 17 | DG Khan Cement Company LimitedDGKC · PSX | Cement | $480.00M | — |
| 18 | Pakistan Oilfields LimitedPOL · PSX | Oil & Gas Exploration & Production | $600.00M | — |
| 19 | Nishat Mills LimitedNML · PSX | Textiles | $420.00M | — |
| 20 | Attock Petroleum LimitedAPL · PSX | Oil Marketing & Distribution | $390.00M | — |
ETF giao dịch tại Mỹ
Các quỹ niêm yết tại Mỹ cung cấp tiếp cận thị trường này — lộ trình đơn giản nhất cho nhiều nhà đầu tư Mỹ.
| Mã cổ phiếu | ETF | Tổ chức phát hành | Phạm vi | Tỷ lệ chi phí% hàng năm | Mức độ tiếp cận% quỹ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAK | Global X MSCI Pakistan ETF | Global X (Mirae Asset) | Đơn quốc gia | 0.76% | 90% |
| EMFM | Global X Next Emerging & Frontier ETF | Global X (Mirae Asset) | EM diện rộng | 0.56% | 5% |
| FRN | Invesco Frontier Markets ETF | Invesco | Khu vực | 0.70% | 4% |
Sàn giao dịch địa phương & tiếp cận
| Sàn giao dịch | Pakistan Stock Exchange |
| Mã | PSX |
| Trang web | www.psx.com.pk |
| Tiền tệ | PKR |
Tiếp cận qua môi giới địa phương
Foreign investors can access Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) listed securities through local brokerage firms registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and PSX. The PSX operates a Central Depository Company (CDC) for dematerialised securities. Foreign portfolio investment is permitted with funds repatriable subject to State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) regulations. International exposure can also be obtained via frontier/emerging-market ETFs or through Roshan Digital Accounts for eligible overseas Pakistanis. There are no US-listed Pakistan-dedicated ADRs of scale as of mid-2026.
Môi giới toàn cầu có tiếp cận thị trường nước ngoài
- Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
- Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
- Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
- Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.
Được liệt kê chỉ để tiện tham khảo — không phải khuyến nghị. Các thị trường có sẵn, phí giao dịch và quy định đăng ký khác nhau theo từng môi giới và quốc gia cư trú của bạn.
Di cư & cư trú
Visa đầu tư / chương trình cư trú
Trợ cấp No formal investment-migration programme
Pakistan does not operate a formal golden visa or citizenship-by-investment programme analogous to those in the Gulf or Europe. The government has in the past offered Overseas Pakistani Investment Visa (OPIV) and facilitated Roshan Digital Accounts for diaspora investment, but no structured residency-by-investment pathway with a defined minimum investment threshold leading to permanent residency or citizenship has been formally enacted as of mid-2026.
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Tiếp cận của nhà đầu tư nước ngoài
Pakistan does not have a formal residency- or citizenship-by-investment programme. Foreign nationals may obtain business visas, employment visas, and long-term multiple-entry visas. The Roshan Digital Account (RDA) scheme allows overseas Pakistanis and foreign nationals to invest in Pakistani assets, including government securities and listed equities, via a repatriable foreign-currency account. Standard immigration procedures apply for work and business residency permits.
ADR & niêm yết chéo tại Mỹ
Các công ty từ quốc gia này có cổ phiếu cũng giao dịch tại Mỹ — có thể đầu tư qua tài khoản môi giới Mỹ thông thường.
| Công ty | Mã cổ phiếu Mỹ | Mã cổ phiếu địa phương | Ghi chú |
|---|---|---|---|
| No major standalone Pakistan ADR programme currently active | — | As of mid-2026, there are no prominent US-listed ADRs or Level II/III ADR programmes for major Pakistani companies. Foreign investors seeking Pakistan equity exposure primarily use the Global X MSCI Pakistan ETF (PAK) or invest directly through PSX-registered brokers. Pakistan-based companies have not pursued large-scale US capital market listings. |