Peru

Aperçu économique et sectoriel

Peru is an upper-middle-income emerging market economy in South America, with a nominal GDP of approximately USD 289 billion in 2024 according to the World Bank. The economy is heavily driven by mining and metals (particularly copper, gold, zinc, and silver) which together constitute the largest share of merchandise exports. Agriculture (including fishmeal, asparagus, avocado, blueberry, and coffee), manufacturing, financial services, and tourism are also significant contributors. Peru is a member of the Pacific Alliance, CPTPP, and APEC, and maintains a broad network of free trade agreements that support its export-oriented model. Political instability and social conflict around extractive projects have remained structural challenges to private investment.

Secteurs clés

Tout savoir sur Peru →

Macro

PIB nominal, USD	$289.22B
Croissance du PIB réel, annuel	3.4%
Inflation annuel	1.9%
Population habitants	34.0M
PIB par habitant USD	$8,653
Capitalisation boursière total coté, USD	$95.00B
Capitalisation boursière / PIB	32.9%
Chômage	6.6%
Sociétés cotées	210
Bourse	Bolsa de Valores de Lima (BVL)

Année des données: 2024. Sources: World Bank – World Development Indicators (2024), IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2025), FocusEconomics – Peru Country Report (2025), INEI – Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática, Bolsa de Valores de Lima (BVL) – www.bvl.com.pe, S&P Dow Jones Indices – S&P/BVL Peru Select Index, Wikipedia – Economy of Peru, Trading Economics – Peru, Worldometer – Peru GDP (2026 IMF estimate).

Bourse locale & accès

Bourse	Bolsa de Valores de Lima
Code	BVL
Site web	www.bvl.com.pe
Devise	PEN

Accès aux courtiers locaux

International investors can access BVL-listed equities through select Latin America-focused brokerages, including Credicorp Capital (local), Scotiabank Peru, and international platforms with OTC access. US investors most commonly gain exposure via the iShares MSCI All Peru Capped ETF (EPU) or through NYSE-listed ADRs such as Credicorp (BAP), Compañía de Minas Buenaventura (BVN), and Southern Copper (SCCO). Settle times on the BVL follow a T+2 cycle. Currency repatriation is generally unrestricted; however, foreign exchange controls and tax withholding on dividends (5%) and capital gains apply.

Courtiers internationaux avec accès aux marchés étrangers

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

Indiqué à titre indicatif uniquement, pas une recommandation. Les marchés disponibles, les frais et les règles d'ouverture de compte varient selon le courtier et votre pays de résidence.

Relocalisation & résidence

Accès pour les investisseurs étrangers

Peru does not operate a dedicated 'golden visa' scheme by that name, but the Inversionista and Rentista visa categories allow foreign nationals to reside based on qualifying investment or passive income. Lima has a growing expat community; cost of living is moderate relative to Western countries. Healthcare quality varies significantly between Lima and provincial areas. Spanish is the official language; Quechua and Aymara are co-official in their regions.