Poland

经济与产业概览

Poland is the largest economy in Central and Eastern Europe, with a nominal GDP exceeding 900 billion USD in 2024 and a track record of sustained growth averaging around 3 to 4 percent annually over the past decade. The economy is diversified across manufacturing, financial services, energy, retail, information technology, and agriculture, benefiting from deep integration into European Union supply chains. The Warsaw Stock Exchange is the dominant bourse in the region by market capitalisation and number of listings. Poland has maintained one of the lowest unemployment rates in the EU, with the labour force survey rate hovering near 3 percent. The country completed a successful transition from a centrally planned to a market economy after 1989 and has attracted substantial foreign direct investment over the past three decades.

主要行业

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宏观

GDP 名义, 美元	$921.81B
GDP增速 实际, 年度	3.2%
通胀率 年度	3.7%
人口 人口	37.6M
人均GDP 美元	$25,057
市值 上市总额, 美元	$796.50B
市值/GDP	86.4%
失业率	2.9%
上市公司数量	402
交易所	Warsaw Stock Exchange (Gielda Papierow Wartosciowych w Warszawie) (GPW)

数据年份: 2024. 数据来源: World Bank, IMF World Economic Outlook 2024, Warsaw Stock Exchange official statistics (September 2026), Wikipedia: Economy of Poland, Wikipedia: Warsaw Stock Exchange, FocusEconomics, CountryEconomy.com, iShares EPOL Fact Sheet (June 2026), TopForeignStocks.com Polish ADR list (May 2026), Euronews (October 2025), TVP World (August 2026), MSCI Poland IMI Index Factsheet. Individual figures may cover different reference periods — for example a fiscal year, or an estimate for the current year — and the overview above states these where known.

本地交易所与准入

交易所	Warsaw Stock Exchange (Gielda Papierow Wartosciowych w Warszawie)
代码	GPW
网站	www.gpw.pl
货币	PLN

本地券商准入

International retail brokers offering access to the Warsaw Stock Exchange include Interactive Brokers and several European-based platforms. Polish domestic brokers such as mDom Maklerski (mBank), DM PKO Banku Polskiego, and XTB also serve retail clients. The iShares MSCI Poland ETF (EPOL) traded on NYSE Arca provides US investors with liquid single-country exposure without a direct WSE account.

支持外国市场准入的全球券商

• Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
• Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
• Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
• Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.

仅供参考，不构成推荐。不同券商及您所在国家/地区的可用市场、费用及开户规定各有不同。

移居与居留权

外资准入

Poland is a member of the European Union and the Schengen Area. EU and EEA citizens may live and work in Poland without a separate visa or permit. Non-EU nationals must obtain a relevant residence permit; there is no dedicated investor or golden visa scheme, but a long-term business or work residence permit may be obtained through normal channels. Poland uses the Polish Zloty and has not yet adopted the euro.