Serbia Пограничные
Europe · Belgrade · RSD (Serbian Dinar)
Обзор экономики и отраслей
Serbia is an upper-middle-income economy in the Western Balkans with a nominal GDP of approximately $89 billion (World Bank, 2024), driven by services, ICT, manufacturing, and agriculture. The ICT sector has emerged as a leading export category, contributing roughly 8–9% of GDP, while automotive assembly, base metals, food processing, and pharmaceuticals anchor the industrial base. Real GDP grew 3.9% in 2024, supported by strong fixed capital formation, construction activity, and robust retail trade. Serbia is an EU accession candidate and in 2024 finalised a free-trade agreement with China, broadening its export reach. Foreign direct investment has averaged over €4 billion per year since 2021, with major inflows into automotive, mining, and tire manufacturing.
Ключевые секторы
Всё о стране Serbia →Макро
| ВВП номинальный, USD | $89.08B |
| Рост ВВП реальный, годовой | 3.9% |
| Инфляция годовая | 4.7% |
| Население человек | 6.7M |
| ВВП на душу населения USD | $12,276 |
| Рыночная капитализация всего на бирже, USD | $5.80B |
| Рыночная капитализация / ВВП | 6.5% |
| Безработица | 8.6% |
| Листингованные компании | 436 |
| Биржа | Belgrade Stock Exchange (BELEX) |
Год данных: 2024. Источники: World Bank – World Development Indicators (2024), IMF World Economic Outlook (April 2026), Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia – Economic Trends 2024, FocusEconomics – Serbia Country Report, OECD Western Balkans Competitiveness Outlook 2024, Belgrade Stock Exchange (bgdx.rs), Wikipedia – BELEX15 Constituents (March 2023), TradingEconomics – Serbia GDP, GlobalCitizenSolutions – Serbia Residency by Investment, emergingmarkets.ai – Serbia Country Profile.
Последние новости
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LatviaКрупнейшие листингованные компании
Крупнейшие компании на основной местной бирже по рыночной капитализации.
| # | Компания | Сектор | Рыночная капитализацияUSD | Листинг в США |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | NIS a.d. Novi SadNIIS · BELEX | Energy – Oil & Gas | $1.16B | — |
| 2 | Aerodrom Nikola Tesla a.d. BeogradAERO · BELEX | Transportation – Airports | $590.00M | — |
| 3 | Dunav osiguranje a.d.o. BeogradDNOS · BELEX | Financials – Insurance | $163.00M | — |
| 4 | Fintel Energija a.d. BeogradFINT · BELEX | Utilities – Renewable Energy | $159.00M | — |
| 5 | Messer Tehnogas a.d. BeogradTGAS · BELEX | Industrials – Industrial Gases | $126.00M | — |
| 6 | Impol Seval a.d. SevojnoIMPL · BELEX | Materials – Aluminium Processing | $44.00M | — |
| 7 | Energoprojekt Holding a.d. BeogradENHL · BELEX | Industrials – Engineering & Construction | $37.00M | — |
| 8 | Metalac a.d. Gornji MilanovacMTLC · BELEX | Consumer Goods – Household Products | $31.00M | — |
| 9 | MPP Jedinstvo a.d. SevojnoJSEV · BELEX | Industrials – Metal Fabrication | $17.00M | — |
ETF на рынках США
Фонды, зарегистрированные в США и обеспечивающие доступ к этому рынку, наиболее простой маршрут для многих американских инвесторов.
| ETF | Охват | Коэффициент расходов% годовых | Экспозиция% фонда |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESNBExpat Serbia BELEX15 UCITS ETF · Expat Asset Management | Одна страна UCITS | 0.60% | 100% |
Местная биржа и доступ
| Биржа | Belgrade Stock Exchange |
| Код | BELEX |
| Сайт | www.bgdx.rs |
| Валюта | RSD |
Доступ через местных брокеров
International retail investors typically access the Belgrade Stock Exchange (BELEX) through local Serbian broker-dealer members or via the SEE Link regional trading platform, which connects several South-East European exchanges. Direct foreign access is limited and market liquidity is thin, with total 2024 annual turnover of approximately $342 million. The Expat Serbia BELEX15 UCITS ETF (ticker: ESNB, listed on Frankfurt/Xetra) provides an alternative passive-exposure vehicle for international investors who do not wish to trade directly on BELEX. Interactive Brokers and Saxo Bank offer multi-market access that may include BELEX.
Глобальные брокеры с доступом к иностранным рынкам
- Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
- Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
- Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
- Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.
Приведено исключительно для справки, не является рекомендацией. Доступные рынки, комиссии и условия обслуживания различаются у разных брокеров и зависят от страны вашего проживания.
Переезд и вид на жительство
Инвестиционная виза / программа вида на жительство
Гранты Temporary residency (renewable via real estate ownership or company formation)
Serbia does not operate a formal Golden Visa programme. There is no single large-investment threshold that automatically confers residency. Foreign nationals may obtain temporary residency by purchasing real estate (for citizens of 70+ countries holding reciprocity agreements with Serbia) or by forming and registering a company in Serbia. Temporary residency is initially granted for one year and is renewable. After three continuous years of temporary residency, holders may apply for permanent residency; after a further three years of permanent residency they become eligible for citizenship by naturalisation. Serbia does not offer direct citizenship-by-investment.
Нужна помощь с подачей заявки? Специализированные консультанты по инвестиционной миграции, например Henley & Partners.
Доступ для иностранных инвесторов
Serbia offers a relatively low cost of living compared to Western Europe, a 15% flat corporate tax rate, and no minimum investment threshold for residency via real estate purchase or company formation. Belgrade and Novi Sad host growing expat and digital-nomad communities. Citizens of countries without a reciprocity agreement with Serbia face additional restrictions on the real estate residency route.