Greece
Europe · Athens · EUR (Euro)
Wirtschafts- und Branchenüberblick
Greece is a small open economy in southeastern Europe, a member of the European Union and eurozone. Tourism, shipping, and banking are the dominant industries, with shipping alone accounting for a significant share of services exports. The economy recovered strongly from its prolonged post-2010 debt crisis, posting solid real GDP growth above 2 percent in 2023 and 2024 supported by EU recovery fund investment and a rebound in private consumption. Greece regained investment-grade sovereign credit ratings and its public debt-to-GDP ratio has been declining from a peak above 200 percent. The Athens Exchange is dominated by the financial sector, with the four major commercial banks representing the largest share of total market capitalisation.
Schlüsselsektoren
Alles über Greece →Makro
| BIP nominal, USD | $256.24B |
| BIP-Wachstum real, jährlich | 2.3% |
| Inflation jährlich | 2.7% |
| Bevölkerung Menschen | 10.4M |
| BIP pro Kopf USD | $24,688 |
| Marktkapitalisierung gesamt notiert, USD | $138.56B |
| Marktkapitalisierung / BIP | 54.1% |
| Arbeitslosigkeit | 10.1% |
| Börsennotierte Unternehmen | 166 |
| Börse | Euronext Athens (formerly Athens Stock Exchange, commonly referred to as ATHEX). (ATHEX) |
Datenjahr: 2024. Quellen: World Bank World Development Indicators, IMF World Economic Outlook (October 2024), IMF Country Report No. 25/85 Greece, MSCI Market Classification Review 2025, MSCI Press Release March 31 2026 (Greece reclassification announcement), Hellenic Exchanges ATHEX Annual Financial Report 2025, ATHEXGROUP Investor Relations Presentations 2025, Euronext Athens official website, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis FRED (World Bank GDP series), GreekReporter.com top companies by market cap May 2025, Yahoo Finance FTSE Athex Large Cap components. Individual figures may cover different reference periods — for example a fiscal year, or an estimate for the current year — and the overview above states these where known.
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LatviaGrößte börsennotierte Unternehmen
Die größten Unternehmen an der wichtigsten lokalen Börse, nach Marktkapitalisierung.
| # | Unternehmen | Sektor | MarktkapitalisierungUSD | US-Notierung |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eurobank S.A.EUROB.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Banking | $17.76B | — |
| 2 | National Bank of Greece S.A.ETE.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Banking | $16.21B | NBG |
| 3 | Public Power Corporation S.A.PPC.AT · ATHEX | Utilities · Electric Power | $15.44B | — |
| 4 | Piraeus Financial Holdings S.A.TPEIR.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Banking | $14.34B | — |
| 5 | Alpha Bank S.A.ALPHA.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Banking | $11.17B | — |
| 6 | OTE Group S.A.OTE.AT · ATHEX | Communication Services · Integrated Telecommunications | $8.34B | — |
| 7 | Metlen Energy and Metals S.A.MTLN.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Diversified Energy and Metals | $7.75B | — |
| 8 | Motor Oil (Hellas) Corinth Refineries S.A.MOH.AT · ATHEX | Energy · Refining and Marketing | $6.93B | — |
| 9 | OPAP S.A.OPAP.AT · ATHEX | Consumer Discretionary · Gambling and Lotteries | $6.05B | — |
| 10 | GEK TERNA S.A.GEKTERNA.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Construction and Infrastructure | $5.30B | — |
| 11 | Jumbo S.A.BELA.AT · ATHEX | Consumer Discretionary · Specialty Retail | $4.22B | — |
| 12 | Titan Cement International S.A.TITC.AT · ATHEX | Materials · Construction Materials | $3.43B | — |
| 13 | Athens International Airport S.A.AIA.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Airport Operations | $2.95B | — |
| 14 | Bank of Cyprus Public Company Ltd.BOCHGR.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Banking | $2.95B | — |
| 15 | Optima Bank S.A.OPTIMA.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Banking | $2.60B | — |
| 16 | HELLENiQ Energy Holdings S.A.ELPE.AT · ATHEX | Energy · Integrated Oil and Gas | $2.58B | — |
| 17 | Cenergy Holdings S.A.CENER.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Electrical Equipment and Cables | $2.08B | — |
| 18 | CrediaBank S.A.CREDIA.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Banking | $1.96B | — |
| 19 | Prodea Investments S.A.PRODEA.AT · ATHEX | Real Estate · Commercial REITs | $1.62B | — |
| 20 | Elvalhalcor Hellenic Copper and Aluminium Industry S.A.ELHA.AT · ATHEX | Materials · Metals Processing | $1.60B | — |
| 21 | Viohalco S.A.VIO.AT · ATHEX | Materials · Metals and Metal Processing | $1.60B | — |
| 22 | Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company S.A.EYDAP.AT · ATHEX | Utilities · Water and Sewerage | $1.28B | — |
| 23 | LAMDA Development S.A.LAMDA.AT · ATHEX | Real Estate · Property Development | $1.18B | — |
| 24 | Aktor Group S.A.AKTOR.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Construction and Infrastructure | $1.16B | — |
| 25 | Aegean Airlines S.A.AEGN.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Airlines | $1.09B | — |
| 26 | Piraeus Port Authority S.A.PPA.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Marine Ports and Services | $1.00B | — |
| 27 | Terna Energy S.A.TENERGY.AT · ATHEX | Utilities · Renewable Energy | $975.00M | — |
| 28 | Autohellas S.A.OTOEL.AT · ATHEX | Consumer Discretionary · Vehicle Rental and Leasing | $820.00M | — |
| 29 | Hellenic Exchanges Athens Stock Exchange S.A.EXAE.AT · ATHEX | Financials · Financial Exchanges and Infrastructure | $700.00M | — |
| 30 | AVAX S.A.AVAX.AT · ATHEX | Industrials · Construction and Engineering | $510.00M | — |
In den USA gehandelte ETFs
In den USA notierte Fonds, die Zugang zu diesem Markt bieten – der einfachste Weg für viele US-Anleger.
| ETF | Anlagebereich | Kostenkennziffer% jährlich | Exposition% des Fonds |
|---|---|---|---|
| GREKGlobal X - MSCI Greece ETF · Global X | Einzelnes Land | 0.59% | 100% |
| VGKVanguard FTSE Europe ETF · Vanguard | Regional | 0.08% | 0% |
| VWOVanguard FTSE Emerging Markets ETF · Vanguard | Breite Schwellenländer | 0.08% | 0% |
| GURSPDR S&P Emerging Europe ETF · State Street Global Advisors | Regional Delisted | 0.30% | 5% |
| EEMiShares MSCI Emerging Markets ETF · BlackRock iShares | Breite Schwellenländer | 0.70% | 0% |
Lokale Börse & Zugang
| Börse | Euronext Athens (formerly Athens Stock Exchange, commonly referred to as ATHEX). |
| Kürzel | ATHEX |
| Website | athens.euronext.com |
| Währung | EUR |
Lokaler Brokerzugang
International retail investors can access Greek-listed equities through major European online brokers that provide access to Euronext Athens, including Interactive Brokers, DEGIRO, and Saxo Bank. Several Greek-listed companies also have US ADR programmes. US-based investors may gain diversified exposure through US-listed ETFs focused on Greece or the broader southeastern European region. Settlement on Euronext Athens follows a T+2 cycle under the central securities depository operated by ATHEXClear.
Globale Broker mit Zugang zu ausländischen Märkten
- Interactive Brokers — Direct access to 90+ markets worldwide, including many emerging exchanges.
- Saxo Bank — Multi-market access across Asia, Europe and the Middle East.
- Charles Schwab (Global) — Foreign ordinary shares on select markets; US-listed ADRs and ETFs.
- Fidelity International Trading — International stock trading on a number of developed and emerging markets.
Nur zur Orientierung aufgeführt – keine Empfehlung. Verfügbare Märkte, Gebühren und Anmeldebedingungen variieren je nach Broker und Wohnsitzland.
Umzug & Aufenthalt
Investment-Visa / Residenzprogramm
Förderprogramme Renewable residence permit (5-year, Schengen access)
Greece operates a Golden Visa programme that grants a five-year renewable residence permit to non-EU nationals who make a qualifying real estate or other investment in Greece. The minimum real estate investment threshold was increased in 2023 to EUR 500,000 in high-demand areas including Athens, Thessaloniki, Mykonos, and Santorini, and remains EUR 250,000 in other areas. The permit allows visa-free travel within the Schengen Area and may be renewed indefinitely provided the investment is maintained. It does not automatically confer the right to work in Greece, but holders may apply for permanent residency after five years and citizenship after seven years of legal residence.
Mindestanlage: $540.00K
Benötigen Sie Unterstützung bei der Antragstellung? Spezialisierte Investment-Migrations-Berater wie Henley & Partners.
Zugang für ausländische Investoren
Greece offers a non-domicile tax regime for foreign-source income, a flat tax option for high-net-worth individuals relocating to Greece (a lump-sum annual tax of EUR 100,000 on foreign income), and a separate 7 percent flat tax for foreign pensioners who transfer their tax residence to eligible Greek municipalities. EU citizens may reside and work freely; non-EU nationals generally require a visa or the Golden Visa residence permit. The cost of living is moderate by Western European standards, and English is widely spoken in urban and tourist areas.
In den USA notierte ADRs & Kreuznotierungen
Unternehmen aus diesem Land, deren Aktien auch in den USA gehandelt werden – investierbar über ein normales US-Brokerkonto.
| Unternehmen | US-Ticker | Lokaler Ticker | Hinweis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coca-Cola HBC AG | CCHGY | EEE.AT | Coca-Cola HBC, the Athens-headquartered bottling partner of The Coca-Cola Company, trades over the counter in the US under the ticker CCHGY. Its primary listing is on the London Stock Exchange, with secondary listings on Euronext Athens. It is the largest non-financial company associated with Greece by international market capitalisation. |
| National Bank of Greece S.A. | NBG | ETE.AT | National Bank of Greece trades on the New York Stock Exchange as an American Depositary Receipt under the ticker NBG. Each ADS represents a fixed number of ordinary shares listed on Euronext Athens. It is one of the few Greek companies with a direct US exchange listing. |